一、主谓一致 [b]1. 主谓的分隔原则 [b]S, ---,VO [b]主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔 [b]* 主谓一致与主语同位语无关 [b]2. 定语从句中的主谓一致 [b]...noun.+that/which+V [b]* that, which并不反映单复数 [b]one of 复n + that/which + 复V [b]the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V [b]3. 随前一致 [b]together with, as well as, with, including, of [b]4. 随后一致 [b]not 单n. but 复n. + 复V [b]not noly 单n. but also 复n. + 复V [b]5. 就近一致 [b]单n. or 复n. [b]either 单n. or 复n. [b]neither 单n. nor 复n. [b]is he or we... 对 [b]he or we are... 对 [b]6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词 [b]不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词 [b]例外：war and peace is/was [b]black and white is/was [b]bread and butter is/was [b]to love and to be loved is/was [b]7. 百分比结构 [b]most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent [b]__+of+n.+V 由名词决定动词的单复数 [b]8. 倒装句中的主谓一致 [b]There be... [b]between , among 等介词位于句首，即引起倒装 [b]Between ...+ be + noun. [b]Among...+ be + noun. [b]主 + 系 + 表 [b]主系关系要一致，系表关系可以不一致 [b]9. The+ adj. [b]a. 表示“一类人”用复数V [b]The rich are ridiculous [b]b. 表示某一抽象概念 [b]The good is attractive [b]10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V [b]more than one 单数noun. + 单数V [b]many a + 单noun. + 单V [b]a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two [b]news 单数 measles 不可数 [b]the series 用is/are从上下文得出 [b][b]二、时态 [b]1. in + 过去某一时间，用一般现在时 [b]2. befort+ 过去年份，用过去完成时 [b]3. for/since: [b]for后跟时间段，可用现在完成和一般过去时 [b]since 后跟时间点，只能跟现在完成时 [b]I have been a teacher for 3 years. [b]I have been a teacher since 1996. [b]I was a teacher for 3 years. [b]4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时 [b]时态：现在完成时和一般过去时混用 [b]　　　　　　一般现在时和一般过去时混用 [b][b]三、语态　考主被的混用 [b]　 一个证明，二个位于，三个需要，四个情感 [b]　 1. 证明：prove(vi) + to be + n./adj. [b]prove(vt) + sth./that +句子 [b]　　　　　　my advice rpoved to be wrong [b]2. 位于：locate永远考被动 [b]　　　　　　situate 主动：把...放置;确定位置 [b]　　　　　　　　被动：位于 [b]　 3. 需要：need, want, require [b]┏ 情态动词＋动原 [b]　　　　　 ┃ ┏ doing [b]　　　need　┃　实义动词 ┃ to do ...一般 [b]┃ ┗ to be done [b]　　　　 ┗　n.词 [b]　　　 My watch need┏ repairing. 主动表被动 [b]　　　　　 　　　 　┗ to be repaired. [b]require┏ to be done [b]want ┗ doing [b]4. 情感：please, annoy, surprise, move [b]I am pleased. 主语高兴 [b]　　　　 The news is pleasing. 令人高兴 [b]　　　使...高兴（心烦、惊讶、感动） [b]　　　　　Franklin is so moved. [b]The story is so moving.