[b] 代数部分 [/b] [b]1.有关数学运算[/b] add，plus加?subtract减?difference差??multiply,times乘?product积?divide除 divisible可被整除的?dividedevenly被整除?dividend被除数，红利?divisor因子，除数 quotient商?remainder余数??factorial阶乘?power乘方?radicalsign,rootsign根号 roundto四舍五入?tothenearest四舍五入 [b]2.有关集合[/b] union并集?proper subset真子集?solution set解集?? [b]3.?有关代数式、方程和不等式[/b] algebraic term代数项?like terms,similar terms同类项?numerical coefficient数字系数?literal coefficient字母系数??inequality不等式 triangle inequality三角不等式??range值域??original equation原方程?equivalent equation同解方程，等价方程?linear equation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22)? [b]4.?有关分数和小数[/b] proper fraction真分数?improper fraction假分数?mixed number带分数?vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数?simple fraction简分数?complex fraction繁分数??numerator分子?denominator分母?(least)common denominator(最小)公分母?quarter四分之一?decimal fraction纯小数?infinite decimal无穷小数?recurring decimal循环小数?tenthsunit十分位?? [b]5.基本数学概念??[/b] arithmetic mean算术平均值?weighted average加权平均值?geometric mean几何平均数?exponent指数，幂?base乘幂的底数,底边?cube立方数，立方体?square root平方根?cuberoot立方根??common logarithm常用对数??digit数字?constant常数?variable变量 inversefunction反函数?complementary function余函数?linear一次的，线性的 factorization因式分解?absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32?round off四舍五入? [b]6.?有关数论?[/b] natural number自然数?positive number正数?negative number负数?odd integer,odd number 奇数?even integer,even number偶数?integer,whole number整数?positive whole number正整数?negative whole number负整数??consecutive number连续整数?rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数?irrational(number)无理数??inverse倒数?composite number合数 e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……?prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数??common divisor公约数?multiple倍数?(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数??(prime)factor(质)因子?common factor公因子　?ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制?nonnegative非负的??tens十位?units个位??mode众数?median中数??common ratio公比?? [b]7.?数列[/b] arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列?geometric progression(sequence)等比数列?? [b]8.?其它[/b]?approximate近似?(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向?cardinal基数?ordinal序数directproportion正比?distinct不同的?estimation估计，近似?parentheses括号 proportion比例?permutation排列?combination组合?table表格?trigonometric function三角函数?unit单位,位 [b]几何部分[/b] [b]1.所有的角[/b] alternate angle内错角?corresponding angle同位角?vertical angle对顶角?central angle 圆心角?interior angle内角?exterior angle外角?supplement aryangles补角?complement 　　aryangle余角?adjacent angle邻角?acute angle锐角?obtuse angle钝角?right angle直角　　round angle周角?straight angle平角?included angle夹角?? [b]2.?所有的三角形[/b] equilateral triangle等边三角形?scalene triangle不等边三角形?isosceles triangle等腰三角形?right triangle直角三角形?oblique斜三角形?inscribed triangle内接三角形? [b]3.?有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外?[/b] semicircle半圆? concentric circles同心圆?quadrilateral四边形?pentagon五边形?hexagon六边形?heptagon 七边形?octagon八边形?nonagon九边形?decagon十边形?polygon多边形?parallelogram平行四边形?equilateral等边形?plane平面?square正方形，平方?rectangle长方形?regular polygon正多边形?rhombus菱形?trapezoid梯形?? [b]4.?其它平面图形[/b] arc弧?line,straight line直线?line segment线段?parallel lines平行线?segment of a circle弧形?? [b]5.?有关立体图形[/b] cube立方体，立方数?rectangular solid长方体?regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体　　?circular cylinder圆柱体?cone圆锥?sphere球体?solid立体的?? [b]6.?有关图形上的附属物[/b] altitude高?depth深度?side边长?circumference,perimeter周长?radian弧度?surface area 　　表面积?volume体积?arm直角三角形的股?cros ssection横截面?center of acircle圆心　chord弦?radius半径?angle bisector角平分线?diagonal对角线?diameter直径?edge棱　face of a solid立体的面?hypotenuse斜边?included side夹边?leg三角形的直角边　medianofatriangle三角形的中线?base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数)?opposite直角三角形中的对边?midpoint中点?endpoint端点?vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点?tangent切线的?transversal截线?intercept截距? [b]7.?有关坐标[/b]?? coordinate system坐标系?rectangular coordinate直角坐标系?origin原点?abscissa横坐标　　?ordinate纵坐标?numberline数轴?quadrant象限?slope斜率?complex plane复平面?? [b]8.?其它[/b] plane geometry平面几何?trigonometry三角学?bisect平分?circumscribe外切?inscribe内切　　?intersect相交?perpendicular垂直?pythagorean theorem勾股定理?congruent全等的　　multilateral多边的? [b]其它??[/b] [b]1.?单位类?[/b] cent美分?penny一美分硬币?nickel5美分硬币?dime一角硬币?dozen打(12个)?score廿(20个)?Centigrade摄氏?Fahrenheit华氏?quart夸脱?gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)?yard码 meter米?micron微米?inch英寸?foot英尺?minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制?cubicmeter立方米?pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)?? 2.?有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业 intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天)?common year平年(365天)?depreciation折旧?down 　　payment直接付款?discount打折?margin利润?profit利润?interest利息?simple interest单利?compounded interest复利?dividend红利?decrease to减少到?decrease by减少了?increase to增加到?increase by增加了?denote表示?list price标价?markup涨价?per capita每人?ratio比率?retail price零售价?tie打平 [b]