酝酿了几天终于做完，耶！下面是一些近期网友提问的语法题目，我把他们整理了一下，以方便个位考生尤其是即将参加一月考试的gter复习。 [b][b]本来想做的讲解更细一些更准确一些，包含的考点更多一些，但苦于一来期末考试逼得我天天要去学海寻涯，二来手头没有语法资料可供参考，只能做成这样了。里面肯定会有一些错误，希望大家一起跟贴讨论。 [b][b]考完试我会把我以前总结果的语法贴出来和大家share^-^ [b][b]1.in the United States voters election representatives to the national legislature , which consists of the House of Representatives and the Snate. [b][b]Election-〉elect(句子成分残缺) [b][b]观察主句，发现没有谓语。Representatives因为有s，所以不是形容词而是名词。于是就出现了三个名词voters election representatives无标点相连的情况。这种情况很罕见，我们因该对它很敏感。思考一下就知道中间的名词变为动词，即Election-〉elect [b][b]2.Her work in genetics won United States scientist Barbara McClintock ---- - in 1983. [b][b](A) was the Nobel Prize [b][b](B) the Nobel Prize was [b][b](C) the Nobel Prize [b][b](D) for the Nobel Prize [b][b]选c(双宾语) [b][b]大家要注意双宾语的考法。动词后面直接接两个名词。而且看题干,已经有一个谓语动词,除非要填的部分中有从句引导词,否则不可出现BE动词,排除A.B.而D又明显错误,因为Nobel Prize为B.M的双宾语。 [b][b]参考译文：美国科学家B.M.在基因方面的研究工作为她自己赢得了1983年的诺贝尔奖. [b][b]这题可以多读两遍，有助于大家培养正确的语感 [b][b]另外大家要格外注意像give这类的词。可以说give sth to sb,也可以说give sb sth [b][b]3.--- usually thought to end in northern New Mexico, the Rocky Mountains really extend southward to the frontier of Mexico. [b][b](A) Despite [b][b](B) To be [b][b](C) While [b][b](D) However [b][b]选c(连词) [b][b]分析：A.despite 为介词,后面要加名词形式的东东,e.g.Despite usually being thought to end in ...而这里的thought 是过去分词,不是动名词,所以不对 [b][b]B.to be 是目的状语，不能表达出转折关系 [b][b]C.while可表转折关系的conj. [b][b]D.however 是转折连词，不能用于引导状语从句。 [b][b]参考译文：洛基山脉通常被认为是延伸到新墨西哥州的北边,但它实际上一直向南延伸到了墨西哥的边界 [b][b]4.Complex spacecraft are characterized by a various of supporting systems,including communications,guidance and navigation,altitude [b][b]control,and ,in some cases,life-support [b][b]systems. [b][b]Various-〉variety(介词前为名词) [b][b]这种题属于简单体，在考试中分数不少，是一定要拿下来的。看到后面有介词，前面的词一定要是名词性质。在此单独列出，希望大家在考场上对这个考点能有很强的条件反射 [b][b]5. During the Pleistocene glacial periods _____ portions of the Earth where plant and animal life flourished making it possible for people to subsist. [b][b](A) the [b][b](B) it was [b][b](C) there were [b][b](D) have there been [b][b]选c [b][b]分析句子成分后发现缺主谓。C显然是正确的。D的倒装很明显错 [b][b]6. Nebraska has floods in some years, _____. [b][b](A) in others drought [b][b](B) droughts are others [b][b](C) while other droughts [b][b](D) others in drought [b][b]选a(省略的用法) [b][b]省略是托福考试的一个难点。做这部分题需要我们对句子结构和省略方式有很好地掌握此题，原句为：Nebraska has floods in some years, and Nebraska has drought [b][b]in other years. 并列从句省略，然后时间状语提前。 [b][b]如果看不清省略方式，就抓住细节一样能把题做出来。看到in some years，肯定是in other years,省略year就是in others.因为后面缺主谓，省略的必定是主谓，句子结构一定要跟前面一致，最多就是有倒装而已。实在不行就往回推，自己把主谓加在后面看看哪个最合理最像前面一句就是答案 [b][b]7. While studying the (chemistry) of (human body) , Dr. Rosalyn Yalow won a Nobel Prize for the research she (conducted on) the (role) of hormones. [b][b]95/8 [b][b]选b(单数可数名词不能裸体) [b][b]又是一个托福常考知识点：单数可数名词不能裸体。此处借此之后跟名词，但名词要不就要由数词介词限定，要不就要是复数。这个考点出现几率奇多，大家一定要非常清楚才行 [b][b]8. Some (insects) (hear) ultrasonic sounds (more than) two octaves (than higher) humans can. [b][b]选d(比较级语序) [b][b]比较级是先出现比较再出现than。这类的题也曾经出现过好几次。不难，但要有个个印象 [b][b]9. _____ important development of the Neolithic age was not in the manufacture of stone tools but in the production of food. [b][b](A) The most [b][b](B) Most [b][b](C) Most of [b][b](D) Of the most [b][b]选a [b][b]was说明前面是单数。只能the most来说明它是最高级 [b][b]10.The first Native Americans (to occupy) (what is) now the southwestern [b][b]United States (were) the Big-Game Hunters, (which) appeared about 10,000 [b][b]B.C. [b][b]Which->who(who,which的混用) [b][b]这又是托福中时不时就会出现一次的考点。还是那句话，对考点的敏感决定你的速度和正确率。 [b][b]11. {In} plane geometry,the sum of (the internal) angles of (any )triangle (has) always equal to 180 degrees. [b][b]d.has->is [b][b]be equal to。 [b][b]12.(On) steep hillsides, tree roots bind to (soil) that might (otherwise) be washed away (if) heavy rains. [b][b]if--->when [b][b]if后面要跟完整句，d显然错了。而when则可以省略与前句重复的主语 [b][b]13.The lower ___ in a room, the more slowly our eyes focus. [b][b](A) the level of lighting [b][b](B) light level [b][b](C) leveling of light [b][b]选a [b][b]一道极经典的题！这是一个the more,the more的考题，单考法狠刁。根据语感可以把题做对，下面我从语法上讲一下这道题the more,the more本身是一个倒装。如此句，正确的语序应该是if the level of lighting is lower in a room,our eyes focus more slowly，将lower和slowly提前。所以说，争议选项b是不对的。还原之后来看，b中单数可数名词level裸体了，所以不对 [b][b]14.In geometry, an ellipse may be defined as the locus of all points ------ ----- distances from two fixed points is constant. [b][b]A) which as the sum of [b][b]B)of the sum which [b][b]C) whose sum of whose [b][b]D) whose sum that the [b][b]选a [b][b]有人认为那是选d [b][b]我个人认为，d从语法上讲有点问题。后面的that做什么？distances又做什么？要是sum of the还说得过去但从语义上理解只能是a。我们知道，椭圆上的点到两个焦点距离之和为定量，a就是表达的这个意思。如果是c(sum of),表达的意思是所有点到两焦点距离之和为衡量，这显然是不对的,a的表达方式不大合乎我们的习惯，请大家自己记一下。As后面表示此事物的性质 [b][b]15. Although (based it on) feudal models, the colony of Pennsylvania (developed) a (reputation) for a (progressive political) and social outlook. [b][b]选a [b][b]这里我们讨论一下d [b][b]这里progressive是修饰outlook的，和political and social作为整体并列，多个形容词修饰同一个名词形容词间不需要逗号或and下面是rinehart关于这个问题的讲解：political and social，是因为political、social之间是并列的一个名词是可以同时被多个形容词修饰的a tall intelligent young American professor不可能写成a tall and intelligent and young and American professor [b][b][b][b][b][b][b]