Unit 1 aback ad.向后;逆帆 [A, BACK] abaft ad.prep.在船尾;在...之后 [A + -baft abandon v.放弃;放纵;遗弃 [ME abase v.降低;贬抑 [A-, baissier to lower ult abash v.使局促不安 [bash; unabashed] abate v.减少;减轻 [rebate 将予以折扣,回扣,退还] abbey n.大修道院; 大教堂 [Abba上帝 abbacy 男修道院长(abbot)之职务(辖区,任期) abbess 女修道院院长;尼庵住持] abbreviation n.缩短;缩写 [brevity 短暂;简短] abdicate v.放弃权利;让位 [AB-, dicare declare] abdomen n.腹;下腹 [abdominal adj.] abduct v.绑架;拐走 [viaduct陆桥,高架桥 (道路,铁路)( abed ad.在床上 [A, BED ill(sick)~病卧床上 lie~躺在床上] aberration n.离开正路;脱离常轨 [errant 错误的,偏离的;游历的;遍历危险的] abet v.教唆;唆使 [bait(装于钓)上或陷阱中的钩饵] abeyance n.中止;暂搁 [ abhor v.憎恨;厌恶 [horrible] abide v.容忍;忍受 [abide by 遵守] abject a.可怜的;卑鄙的 [reject] abjure v.发誓断绝;公开放弃 [jurare; purjury] ablution n.沐浴 [antediluvian 诺亚(Noah)洪水前的;太古的;过时的 (cf deluge)] abnegate v.放弃权利;舍弃;戒禁快乐 [AB-, negare deny] abnormal a.不正常的;变态的 [earlier and F anormal, anomal abode n.住所 [verbal noun of ABIDE: cf. ride, rode, road] abolition n.废除;革除 [abolish] abominate v.痛恨;痛恶 [ominous (omen 的形容词)不祥的;凶兆的] aboriginal a.原始的;土著的 [ab+origin+al] abortive a.失败的;无意的 [oriental; abort] abound v.充满;富于 [abundant] abrade v.摩擦;磨掉 [erase; abrasion (abrade的名词)(岩石的)剥蚀;(机械的)磨损] abridge v.缩短;删节 [ME abrogate v.废止;取消 [interogative rogation (常 ~s)(基督教)(耶稣升天节前三天做的)祷告 rogatory 请求的;要求的] abrupt a.突然的;意外的 [ab+rupt=rumpere] abscond v.潜逃 [condiments 调味料(seasoning) (芥茉、胡椒等)] absolve v.赦免;解除 [solution] abstain v.戒除;禁绝 [tenere] abstemious a.饮食有度;有节制的 [temetum] abstinence n.禁食 [abs+tinence ABSTINENT] abstracted a.心不在焉的 [intractable; abstract] abstruse a.深奥的 [intrusion] absurd a.不合理的;荒唐的 [AB-, surdus deaf, dull] abundant a.丰富的;富裕的 [ME abuse v.乱用;妄用 [ab+use disabuse 解除某人的迷惑;使醒悟] abut v.紧邻;接靠 [a+but] abyss n.深渊;地狱 [ accede v.同意 [ac+cede] accelerate v.加速进行 [ac+celer+ate;concede] accentuate v.重读;强调 [ac+cent=cant+uate;ACCENT;cantata(音乐)清唱剧] accessible a.易接近的;易受影响的 [accessible or LL accessibilis; ACCEDE; access] accessory n.附件;从犯 [ac+ces+sory;ACCEDE] accidental a.偶然的;意外的 [E acclaim v.欢呼;喝采 [ac+claim=clamare;clamorous吵闹的,喧嚷的; acclamation] acclimate v.适应于新环境 [ac+climate CLIMATE acclamation] acclivity n.向上的陡坡 [ac+cliv+ity proclivity] accolade n.赞美;赏赐 [ac+col=collum+ade; collar] accommodate v.供应;容纳 [ac+commodus; accommodating] accomplice n.共犯;帮凶 [ME and F complice(prob by assoc with ACCOMPANY), accord n.一致;符合 [ac+cord=cordis heart] accost v.打招呼 [ac+cost=costa rib COAST] accoutre v.供给服装;装备 [ac+coutre couture 女装业;女装设计师 couturier 女装设计师] accredit v.相信;任命;归功于... [ac+cre+dit CREDIT] accretion n.增大;添加 [ac+cret+tion accrue ACCRETE 生长;增大;合生] accrue v.自然增加 [ac+crue增加] accumulate v.积聚 [ac+cumul=cumulus堆积+ate] accuse v.控告;归咎 [ac+cuse=CAUSE] acephalous a.无头的 [a+cephal=kephale头+ous] acerbity n.尖酸的言语或态度 [acerb尖,酸+ity acerbic尖刻的] acetic a.酸的 [ace=acetum醋+ic] achromatic a.无色的;消色的 [A-, CHROMATIC] acidulous a.微酸的;克薄的 [acid酸+ulous多的] acknowledge v.承认 [ac+KNOWLEDGE] acme n.顶点;极至 [Gk, = highest point] acoustics n.声学;传音性 [acoustic 听觉的;有关声音的] acquaint v.告之;使熟悉 [ac+quiant知道=cognit come to know ACQUAINTANCE 熟人] acquiescence n.默许的;顺从的 [ac+quiesce安静+nce;aquiescent顺从的 quiescent静止的] acquisition n.获得;得到 [ACQUIRE acquisitive 贪得的;物质欲重的 requisite 必须品 acquisitiveness 渴望占有] acquittal n.开释 acrid a.辛辣的;尖刻的 [irreg acrimonious a.尖酸的 [ACRIMONY 尖刻;剧烈] acrophobia n.高处恐怖症 [acro=akron+PHOBIA] activate v.使活动 actuarial a.保险统计(员)的 [ACTUAL actuary 保险公司计算员;法庭记录(员) actuate 激励] actuate v.激励;促使 [ACTUAL] acuminate a.锐利的;有尖头的 [L acuminatus pointed: ACUMEN] acute a.灵敏的;急性的 [L acutus pp. of acuere sharpen adage n.格言 [adagium ad+age] adamant a.坚定不移的;固执的 [a+damant=daamao驯服] adapt v.使适合 [ad+apt=aptus适合 adaptable有适应能力的 aptitude能力] addendum n.补遗;追加物 [L, gerundive of addere ADD] addiction n.沉迷;热中 [ADDICT ad+dict;addictive 使人上瘾的] additive a.添加剂 [LL additivus: ADD] addle a.混乱的;糊涂的 [addled头脑混乱的] adduce v.引证;举出 [induce引诱] adept a.老练的 [ad+ept能力 adopt 收养; adapt 适应] adhere v.附着;坚持 [ad+here=haerere粘;adherent 拥护者,党徒] adhibit v.容...进入;贴标签;采用 [AD-, habere have] adipose a.多脂肪的 [同adeps adipis 胖的] adjacent a.邻接的 [ad+jacent=jacere躺] adjoin v.邻接;毗连 [AD-, jungere join] adjourn v.延期;休会 [The court ~ed from Friday until Monday.] adjudge v.判决;审查并颁给奖赏 [ME adjudicate v.判决;宣判;裁定 [ad+judic=judicare to judge; judicious明智的] adjunct n.附属物;助手 [ad+junct ADJOIN] adjure v.命令;恳求 [ad+jure=jurare发誓] adjutant n.副官;助手 [L adjutare frequent of adjuvare: ADJUVANT 辅助的;助手;辅药] admeasure v.分配;测量 [AD-, MEASURE] administer v.管理 [ad+, MINISTER] admirable a.可钦佩的;美妙的 [ADMIRE] admiral n.海军上将;鱼船队长 [ agog a.兴奋的;有强烈兴趣的 [F en gogues agonize v.使受苦;使苦闷 [agony极大痛苦 agonizing引起极大痛苦的] agony n.烦恼;顶峰 [( agrarian a.土地的;农业的 [L agrarius agreement n.协议;符合;同意 [ME agronomist n.农学家 [agro土地+nom学科+ist] aground ad.在地上;搁浅 ail v.使受病痛;使苦恼 [ail=egle小病 ailment不严重的疾病] ailment n.疾病 airborne a.空气传播的;空降的 airtight a.密封的 aisle n.过道;走廊 [ME ele, ile ajar ad.门微开;不调和地 akin a.血族关系的;类似的 [a+kin 亲戚,血源关系] alabaster a.雪白的 [ME alacrity n.乐意;欣然;敏捷 [L alacritas albeit conj.虽然 [al+beit albite n.曹长石,苏打长石 L albus white + -ITE] alchemy n.炼金术 [al=the+chemy=khemia冶炼术 chemis-try化学] alcove n.凹室;壁龛 [ ale n.麦酒 [alewife n.啤酒店女主人 alga n.海藻;藻类 [algae 海藻;藻类 algaecide 亦作 algicide 除海藻的药] algebra n.代数学 [It. & Sp. & med.L, alias n.别名 [at another time, other wise] alibi n.不在犯罪现场证明;辩词 [elsewhere] alienate v.离间 [alien+nate 由ALIEN外国人而来 alienated疏远的,被隔开的] alienist n.精神病医师 [ALIEN+ist] alight v.降下;落在 alimentary a.食物的;营养的 [ALIMENT 食物,营养品] alimentation n.营养 alimony n.离婚赡养费;扶养费 [L alimonia nutriment alkali n.碱 [ME allay v.使缓和;使镇静 [al+LAY摆放 ally同盟] allege v.声称;宣称 [ALLEGATION(无证据)指控 illegal不合法的 allegiance忠诚] allegiance n.忠贞;忠实 [E allegory n.讽喻;寓言 [ME allergy n.过敏症;厌恶 [allergic过敏的,对讨厌的 ergo-phobia厌工作症] alleviate v.减轻痛苦;缓和 [levity轻率] alley n.小巷;小径 [ME alligator n.水陆两用战车;短吻鳄 [Sp el lagarto the lizard allocate v.拨下;留下 [allocation拨给,分配 location地点] allopath n.用对症疗法的医生 [同allopathist = ALLOPATHY ] [allopathic 对症疗法的 homeopathic顺势疗法的] alloy n.合金 [unalloyed 未搀杂的;纯粹的] allude v.暗指;提及 [ludicrous嬉笑的,可笑的 allusion暗示] allure v.引诱 [al+luere=LURE诱饵,魅力 allurement诱惑物] allusion n.暗示;暗讽;引谕;引述 [ALLUDE) in ~ to 暗指,暗示. v.allude] alluvial a.冲积的 [alluvium 冲积土] ally n.盟国;支持者 [perh dimin of ALABASTER 雪花石膏(制)的;白润光滑的] alms n.施舍;周济;布施 [OE 'lmysse, -messe, aloof a.远离的;不接近的 [a+loof= LUFF逆风而行] alpine a.高山的;阿尔卑斯山的 [L Alpinus: ALP] alteration n.变更;改造 [altercation 口角,激辩,争吵] alternate v.轮流 [(常与with连用) alternus交替 alter其它] altitude n.高度;海拔 [ME altruism n.利他主义 [altru=alter其它+ism] alumnus n.学生;毕业生校友 [L, = nursling, pupil amalgamate v.混合;合并 [AMALGAM混合物 AMASS积聚] amanuensis n.笔记者;文书 [L amass v.积累;收集 amateurish a.业余的;不熟练的 [(反professional) theatricals票友戏 AMATEUR业余爱好者 morous多情的 L amator -oris lover] amatory a.恋爱的;色情的 amazon n.女战士 [ ambidextrous a.十分灵巧的 [LL ambidexter ambiguity n.暧昧;含糊话 [L ambiguitas(AMBIGUOUS)] ambiguous a.含糊的 [ambiguity模棱两可] ambivalent a.好恶参半的 [valiant勇敢的 ambivalence矛盾心理 G Ambivalenz amble n.徐行;缓行 [amble=ambul走路 ambulence救护车 ample丰富的] ambulatory a.可走动的;行走的 [ambula走+tory perambulate走过;徘徊于 L perambulare perambulat-(PER-, ambulare walk)] ambush v.埋伏 [ME ameliorate v.改善,改良 [alt. of MELIORATE after F ameliorer] amenable a.有服从义务的;愿服从的 [a+ men= mener驱赶动物] amend v.修正;订正 [ME amendment n.改正;修正 [amends赔偿,补偿] amenity n.适意;礼仪 [amen-ity=pleasant] amiable a.和蔼可亲的;悦人的 [强调人自身具备的性格和蔼 =lovable] amicable a.友善的 [LL amicabilis amid prep.在其中;在其间 [ME amidde(s) amigo n.朋友 [amiga 女性朋友] amiss a.错;有毛病的 [ME prob amity n.和好;和睦 [ami=amicus朋友+ty] amnesia n.健忘症 [amnesty 大赦] amnesty n.大赦 [F amnestie or L amoral a.非道德的;不属道德的 [a+MORAL immoral不道德的,淫荡的] amorist n.好色之徒;爱情小说作者 [L amor or F amour + -IST] amorous a.易动情的;情爱的 [AMOR爱+our] amorphous a.无定型的 [metamorphose变形] amortization n.分期偿还 [immortal不朽的] amphibian a.水陆两栖的 [amphi两者,两侧,周围+bian] amphitheater n.圆形剧场 [amphi周围+THEATER剧场] ample a.充足的 [ampl=amplus大,多+e amble散步 amplify放大] amplify v.扩大 [AMPLE+fy amplitude广阔,丰富] amplitude n.广阔;振幅 [ampli=AMPLE+tude] amputate v.切断;剪切 [amputee截肢者] amuck ad.疯狂地 amulet n.护身符 [amu-let] anabolism n.同化作用 [Gk anabole ascent(ANA-, ballo throw)] anachronism n.时代错误 [chronicle编年史] analgesic a.止痛的 [nostalgia怀旧] analogous a.类似的 [prologue序言] anarchy n.无政府状态;混乱 [anarchic无政府的] anathema n.诅咒;讨厌的人或物 [ecclL, = excommunicated person, excommunication, anatomy n.解剖;解剖学 [ana+tomy] ancestor n.祖先;先驱者 [ANTE-, cedere cess- go] anchorite n.隐士;隐居修道的 [ancho 铁锚 rite 仪式] ancillary a.辅助的;附属的 [ anecdote n.逸话;轶事 [AN-, ekdotos anemia n.贫血 [anemic 贫血的;衰弱的,无精打采的] anesthetic n.麻醉剂 [anesthetize 麻醉;使麻痹 aesthetic美学] angle n.角;见地;观点;钓鱼 [an acute (obtuse) ~ 锐(钝)角 take the ~ 测量角度 He looked at the problem only from his own ~.] anguish n.极大痛苦 [angu痛苦+ish anguished很痛苦的 ANGER] animadvert v.批评;责备 [L animadvertere animalcule n.微生物 [anim气息,心,生命 animism万物有灵论] animated a.活生生的 [anim生命+ated magnanimous大度的 animation活泼,卡通] animosity n.仇恨 [anim生命 +osity] animus n.恶意;意图 [L, = spirit, mind] ankle n.脚脖子;踝 [ME annals n.纪年表;历史记载 [自annus而来,意为年] anneal v.锻炼(金属、玻璃等) [an表趋向+ne+al火] annex v.附加 [an表趋向+nex捆绑] annihilate v.消灭 [nehilism虚无] annotate v.注解 [annotation注解 connotation内涵] annoyance n.烦恼;为难的事 annual a.一年的;每年的,一年生的 [ME annuity n.年金;养老金 [annui=annuus年+ty ANNUAL annuitant领受养老金者] annul v.废止;宣告无效 [ME anomalous a.反常的;不规则的 [anomaly 反常] anon ad.不久;立刻 [ anonymous a.无名的;匿名的 [anomymity无名,匿名 synonym同义字 antonym反义词] antagonism n.敌对 [ANTAGONIST敌手,对手] antecedence n.居先;在前 [recede 后退] antedate v.在信上写上较早日期 [ante- {字首}表示"前的"之意] antediluvian a.原始的;大水前的 [ante+diluvi=diluvium= DELUGE洪水+an] antenna n.触角;天线 [拉丁 = sail-yard] anterior a.较早的;以前的 [ante-rior anteriority 居先;在前] anthem n.圣歌;赞美歌 [national anthem] anthology n.诗集;文选 [anthesis开花期] anthropoid a.似人类的;似猿的 [anthropo人,人类+id似 misanthrope厌世者] anthropology n.人类学 [anthropophagous 吃人的] anthropomorphic a.神人同形的 [anthropo+morph+ic anthropomorphous 有人形的,有人性的] Unit 3 antibiotic n.抗生素;抗菌的 [antibody n.抗体 [anti-BODY] antic a.古怪的;笨拙的 [antics滑稽的动作 ANTIQUE古董 attic阁楼] anticipate v.预期;期待 [anticipatory预期的 precipitate加速;沉淀] anticlimax n.令人泄气的转变 [anti-climax] antidote n.解毒药 [DOTE老年痴呆 DOSE药剂 overdose药剂过量] antielectron n.反电子;正电子 antigen n.抗原 [ANTIBODY, -GEN] antipathy n.憎恶 [ antipodal a.正相反的 [anti+podal] antiquated a.陈旧的;过时的 [ antique a.古代的 [F antique or L antiquus, anticus former, ancient antiques n.古董 antiquity n.古旧;古代;古代的人 [ antiseptic n.消毒剂;防腐剂 [septic 有菌的,感染的] antisocial a.厌恶社交的 [anti-SOCIAL] antithesis n.相反;对照;对偶 [Gk antitithemi set against (ANTI-, tithemi place)] antonym n.反义词 [ANTI-, SYNONYM] anvil n.铁砧 [OE anfilte etc] apathetic a.冷淡的 [APATHY, after PATHETIC 可怜的;悲惨的;无价值的] apathy n.冷淡;漠不关心 [F apathie aperitif n.开胃酒 [F aperitif aperture n.孔;开口 [APERITIF开胃酒] apex n.顶点;最高点 [a+ peak顶峰] aphorism n.格言;警语 [adage格言 maxim公理,格言] apiary n.养蜂场;蜂房 [aviary养鸟场 apiculture养蜂业] apiculture n.养蜂 [L apis bee, after AGRICULTURE] apiece ad.每人;每个 [cost ten cents ~ 每个一角 A + PIECE] aplomb n.沉着 [a+plomb 坠垂直线的铅锤 PLUMMET] apocalyptic a.启示的;天启的 [APOCALYPSE启示,启示录 apogee远地点 ME apocryphal a.真伪可疑的;作者不明的 [apo远+cryph隐藏+al apocrypha伪经 cryptic隐藏的,秘密的 apocrypha 旁经;伪经] apogee n.远地点;最高点 [apo远+gee地球 peri-gee近地点 geo-logy地质学 geo=gee] apologize v.道歉 [apo-log-ize apologetic道歉的;歉意的] apologue n.寓言 [F apologue apolune n.远月点 [(月卫轨道最远点;反perilune) APO-+L luna moon, after apogee] apostate n.背教者;脱党者 [APOSTASY叛教,脱党] apothecary n.药剂师 [apothec= apotheke储藏间+ary] apothegm n.格言 [apo+the+gm] apotheosis n.神圣的理想;神化之物 [ap+theos神+is theology神学 deify神化] appall v.使惊骇 [appallling可怕的] apparatus n.器具;器官;组织 [L apparel n.精制的衣服 [appar+el;apparent明显的] apparition n.幽灵 [ME appeal v.恳请;呼吁 [ME appease v.抚慰;使平静 [ME appellate a.控诉的;上诉的 [L appellatus(APPEAL, -ATE) appellant n.上诉人;a.控诉的] appellation n.称号;名称 [ME append v.附加 [L appendere hang appendage 附加物] appetence n.欲望;性欲;本能 [F appetence or L appetentia appetite n.胃口;食欲 [appetizing开胃的] applicable a.生效的;适合的 [APPLY] apposite a.适当的 [L appositus pp. of apponere(AD-, ponere put)] appraise v.鉴定 [APPRIZE by assim to PRAISE] appreciable a.明显的;重要的 [perceptible感觉到的 appreciative 感谢的;赞赏的] apprehend v.理解;逮捕;忧惧 [prehensile能抓住的apprehensive 焦虑的;悟性好的] apprehension n.挂念;忧虑;逮补 [APPREHEND, -ION] apprise v.通知 [F appris -ise pp. of apprendre learn, teach(APPREHEND)] approachable a.可靠近的;随和的 [reproach指责 reapproach再接近 reproachable应受责备的] approbation n.许可;承认 [APPROBATE通过;许可;称赞; -ATION] appropriate v.拨款;盗用;恰当的 [LL appropriatus pp. of appropriare(AD-, proprius own)] approximate v.近似;近似的 [AD-, proximus very near] appurtenance n.(土地上)附属物 [APPERTAIN 附属,关系,适合, -ANCE] apron n.围裙 [ME naperon etc apropos ad.恰好地 [F propos aptitude n.才能;性向 [F aquaplane n.滑水板;滑水板游戏 [ aquarelle n.水彩画;水彩画法 [ aquatic a.水生的;水中的 [aqueous 水的] aqueduct n.高驾渠;渡槽 [L aquae ductus conduit aquiline a.钩状的;似鹰的 [L aquilinus arabesque a.阿拉伯式的 [F arable a.适于耕种的;可开垦的 [F arable or L arabilis arbiter n.仲裁人 [arbitrator公断人] arbitrary a.武断的 [L arbitrarius or F arbitraire(ARBITER, -ARY)arbitrate仲裁,公断] arbitrator n.仲裁人;审判者 [ARBITRATION仲裁,公断, arbitrate 仲裁 L arbitrari judge] arboreal a.树的;木本的 [L arboreus arboretum 植物园] arcade n.骑楼 [F arcane a.神秘的;秘密的 [F arcane or L arcanus archaeology n.考古学 [ archaic a.古代的;已不通用的 [F archaique archetype n.原形 [L archetypum archipelago n.列岛 [It arcipelago archives n.档案;档案保存处 ardent a.热心的;热烈的 [ardor 的形容词 an ~ patriot 满腔热忱的爱国者] ardor n.热心 [ arduous a.费力的;艰巨的 [L arduus steep, difficult] arena n.竞技场 [L(h)arena sand, sand-strewn place of combat] argonaut n.冒险家;投机者;叛徒 [(希腊神话)亚哥号上的人员(与Jason同乘亚哥号(the Argo)船前往科基斯(Colchis)寻找金羊毛(the] [Golden Fleece)之一行人)] argot n.暗语 [argosy 大商船;大商船队] arid a.干燥的;干燥无味的 [F aride or L aridus aright ad.正;正确地 aristocrat n.贵族 [ arithmetic n.算术;算术的 [ ark n.方舟;笨重难看的船 [OE armada n.舰队 [arm=ARMY+ada舰队] armament n.军备;武器;装备 [ARM, -MENT] armistice n.休战;停战 [truce 停战;休止;中止] armory n.武器制造厂;室内教练场 [armor plate (军舰、战车等的)装甲板] aroma n.芳香;气派,风格 [L aromatic a.芳香的 [(AROMA, -IC)aroma芳香,气派,风格 L arraign v.提讯;控告 [ME arrant a.极端的;完全的 [ME, var of ERRANT] array v.排列 [ME arrears n.债;欠债 [AD-, retro backwards: arrear( arrest v.阻止;遏止 [~ the spread of the fire 阻止火势的蔓延 arrestant 制虫剂] arrogance n.自大;傲慢 [arrogant自大的;傲慢的] arrogate v.冒称;霸占 [L arrogare arrogat-(AD-, rogare ask)] arson n.非法纵火;放火 [arsonist纵火犯ardent热情的ars=ard ;ars艺术arse屁股;闲荡] articulate v.清楚说话;接合 [L articulatus(ARTICLE, -ATE)] artifacts n.史前古器物 [artificer 技师;工匠 artificial不自然的,虚假的] artifice n.策略;诡计 [ artisan n.工匠 [F artless a.粗俗的;自然的 ascend v.上升;攀爬 [ascendancy统治者,支配力量 ascent上升 descend下降] ascendant a.上升的;优越的 ascertain v.确定 [ME ascetic a.苦行的 [ ascribe v.归于 [ME aseptic a.无菌的 [anti-sept-ic抗菌药] ashen a.灰色的 asinine a.愚鲁的 [asin= asinus驴子ASS+ine] askance ad.斜视地 askew ad.斜地 [A+SKEW歪曲,歪斜,弯曲] aslope a.ad.成斜坡;倾斜 asp n.毒蛇;埃及产眼镜蛇 [ME aspen n.白杨;白杨似的;摇晃的 [earlier name asp + -EN forming adj. taken as noun asp毒蛇] asperity n.粗暴;艰苦 [ME asperse v.诽谤 [(AD-, spargere sprinkle)aspersion中伤;(天主教)洒水] aspirant n.热望者 [F aspirant or aspiration n.抱负 [ME aspire v.热望,怀大志,切望 [ME asquint a.ad.斜视;斜的 [ME perh. assail v.攻击 [AD-, salire salt- leap] assassin n.刺客 [F assassin or assault n.突然袭击;猛袭 [as+sault=sail] assay v.分析;试验 [ME assemble v.聚集 [ assent v.同意;赞成 [ME assert v.断言;主张 [assertive 言语果敢的;断言的 assertion 主张;断言,确言] assess v.估定;定...额;评价;估价 [~ a tax at 10 pounds; ~ a statement at its true worth] asset n.财产;可取之处 [as-set] asseverate v.断言 [L asseverare(AD-, severus serious)] assiduous a.勤勉的 [L assiduus(SESS)assidulity勤勉,励精] assimilate v.吸收 [ME assize n.裁判;法定价格 [ME assonance n.类音;类韵;母韵 [AD-, sonus sound] assort v.分类;配齐;相交 [OF assorter assuage v.平息;减轻 [ME assumption n.担任;假设 [ME assure v.确告 [assured自信的assurance自信;保证 reassure使安心] astir a.ad.骚动;活动;兴奋 [A + STIR n.骚动；传播；流行] astound v.使...大吃一惊,惊愕 [obs. astound (adj.) = astoned pp. of obs. astone: ASTONISH] astral a.星的;多星的 [LL astralis astray a.迷路的;误入歧途的 [a+STRAY走离] Unit 4 astringent a.收敛性的;止血的 [stringent 严格的;严厉的] astrolabe n.星盘 astrology n.占星学 [ASTRO-, -LOGY] astute a.机敏的;狡猾的 [obs F astut or L astutus asunder ad.散开;碎散;分别 [OE on sundran into pieces: cf SUNDER分为二,分开,切开] asylum n.收容所;避难所 [ME asymmetric a.不均匀的;不对称的 atheistic a.无神论者的 [atheism无神论] athirst a.渴;渴望 [OE ofthyrst for ofthyrsted pp. of ofthyrstan be thirsty] athlete n.比赛者,运动家;强壮的人 [L athleta athletics n.pl.运动 [athlete运动员] athwart ad.横穿过去;不顺利地 [A+THWART( atlas n.地图集 [L atomy n.微小之物;原子;矮人 [ANATOMY剖析;解剖学;骨骸 taken as an atomy] atonal a.无调的 atone v.补偿;赎罪 [back-form atrocious a.凶暴的;残酷的 [L atrox -ocis cruel atrocity暴行] atrophy v.使衰退;使萎缩 [F atrophie or LL atrophia attach v.附上,贴上;使属于 [ME attachment n.附着;依恋;逮捕;扣押 [ME attainment n.成就;造诣;学识 attentive a.注意周到的;倾听的 [ME attenuate v.使变细;使弱 [AD-, tenuis thin] attest v.证明;证实 [AD-, testis witness] attic n.阁楼 [F attique, as ATTIC古怪的: orig a small order above a taller one] attire n.服装;盛装;打扮 [ME attorney n.代理人;律师 [ME attribute n.品性 [ attrition n.摩擦;磨损 [ME attune v.使合拍调;使调和 [AT-+TUNE] atypical a.非典型的;不正常的 auction v.n.拍卖;拍卖人 [L auctio increase, auction audacious a.大胆的;目中无人的 [L audax -acis bold audible a.听得见的,可听见的 [LL audibilis audience n.听众;观众 [ audit n.检查(项目) [ME auditorium n.听众席,观众席;大讲堂 [L neut. of auditorius (adj.): AUDITORY, -ORIUM] augment v.增加 [ME augury n.占兆 [ME august a.堂堂的;威风凛凛的 [F auguste or L augustus consecrated, venerable] aural a.耳的;听觉的 [L auris ear auricular耳的;听觉的;耳语的] aureate a.金色的;灿烂的 [ME aureole n.光环 [ME auroral a.北极光的 [AURORA 极光;夜晚女神] auscultation n.听诊 [L auscultatio auspice n.前兆;赞助;资助 [under the ~s of the company = under the company orig 'observation of bird-flight in divination': auspicious a.幸运的 [(auspice 的形容词)an ~ sign 吉兆 auspicial 占卜的;幸运的] austere a.苛刻的 [ME austral a.南方的;向南的 [ME authentic a.可信的,确实的,真正的 [ME authenticate v.证实;鉴定;使生效 [medL authenticare: AUTHENTIC确实的,可信的] authoritative a.权威的;可靠的 [authorization 授权;委任;认可,授权书] authorize v.授权;委任;认为正当 [e autocrat n.独裁者 [AUTO-, kratos power autocracy独裁政治] autodidact n.自学者 [AUTO- + didact as DIDACTIC] automatism n.自动;自动作用 [ automaton n.自动机器;机器人 [L, neut of automatos acting of itself: AUTO- automatism自动] autonomous a.自主的 [AUTONOMY自制,自制团体 auto自己+nomous法律] autopsy n.验尸 [F autopsie or modL autopsia autotelic a.自己本身具有目的的 [AUTO- + Gk telos end] auxiliary n.a.帮助者;辅助的 [L auxiliarius avail v.利益;效用 [ME avalanche n.雪崩;涌至 [F, alt of dial lavanche after avaler descend] avarice n.贪婪 [ME avatar n.神之化身;具体化 [Skr avatara descent avenge v.报仇;复仇 [无辜或清白] aver v.断言 [ME averse a.不愿意的;反对的 [L aversus(AVERT)aversion嫌恶,反感;讨厌的人] avert v.避开;掉开 [ME aviary n.鸟的小屋;禽舍 [avi鸟+ary场所 aviatrix女飞行员 avian 鸟类的] aviate v.用飞机飞行 [back-form. aviculture n.养鸟;鸟类饲养 [L avis bird, after AGRICULTURE] avid a.贪婪的;渴望的 [F avide or L avidus avocation n.副业;嗜好 [L avocatio avouch v.保证;确说 [ME avow v.公开承认 [ME avuncular a.如叔(伯)父的 [L avunculus maternal uncle, dimin of avus grandfather] await v.等待;准备作...之用 [AD-, waitier WAIT] awe n.敬畏 [ME age awhile ad.暂时;暂且 [OE ane hwile a while] awning n.雨篷;凉篷 [awning window 遮蓬窗 awn(麦等之)芒(beard)] awry ad.歪;斜;错误地 [ME axiom n.定理 [ axiomatic a.公理的;通则的 [axiom(数学逻辑)公理 axiom of choice (数)选择公理] axle n.轮轴;轴;车轴 [axle-tree azure a.天青色的 [ME babble v.唠叨 [ME baccalaureate n.学士学位;告别训辞 [bacchanalian a.饮酒狂欢的 [[b] backbite v.背后诽谤 [backbiting 诽谤;背后造谣中伤] backlog n.积压订货;蓄积;预备 [backblocks人烟稀少的backboard篮板 backbreaker 艰苦的工作,] bacteria n.pl.细菌;传染菌 badge n.v.徽章;标记;象徵 badger v.獾;困扰;小贩 [[b] badinage n.嘲弄;揶揄;开玩笑 [F[b] baffle v.使迷惑;阻挠 [F bafouer ridicule, OF beffer mock baffling阻碍的;使困惑] bail n.保释金;担保 bait n.v.饵;小憩;置饵于 [ME bald a.无毛的;单调的 [ME ballede, orig 'having a white blaze', ball- 'white patch'] bale v.灾难;不幸 balk v.中止;阻碍 ballad n.民谣;歌谣 [MEballast n.压载物;压仓物 [16th c: ballerina n.芭蕾舞女 [It, fem of ballerino dancing-master[b] ballot n.投票用小球;投票 [( balmy a.温和的;芳香的 [BALM香油,镇定剂,安慰,芳香] bamboozle v.欺骗;愚弄;使迷惑 [the Bamboo Curtain竹幕(中国大陆与西方世界在政治和意识形态上不同所形成的障碍;尤其 194]9[至1976年间)] ban v.n.禁令;法规;逐出教门 [OE bannan summon banal a.平凡的;陈腐的 ['compulsory', 'common to all',bandage n.绷带;蒙眼用布;包扎 bandanna n.大手帕 [prob Port bandbox n.装帽纸盒;薄板盒 bandit n.强盗,盗贼,土匪;歹徒 [It. bandito (pl. -iti), pp. of bandire ban: BANISH驱逐] bane n.毒;危害;毁灭(的原因) [Gambling was the ~ of his life. 赌博是他的致命伤.] baneful a.有害的 [BANE毒,危害;毁灭(的原因)] banish v.放逐;驱逐出境;忘忧 [ME banister n.栏杆小柱 [同baluster balustrade有小柱(baluster)的栏干bap小型卷式面包] bankrupt n.a.v.破产;使破产 [BANK, L rumpere rupt- break] banner n.v.旗;标志;大标题 banter n.嘲弄 baptism n.洗礼 [barb n.倒钩;刺人的话 [ME barbaric a.未开化的,野蛮作风的 [barbarous a.野蛮的;异国语的 [orig of any foreign language or people: barbecue n.v.烤肉架;烤肉野餐 [Sp barbacoa barcarole n.船夫歌 [威尼斯运河平底舟(gondola)船歌 Barcelona 巴塞隆纳] barge n.v.舢板;运输;蹒跚 [ME bark v.吼叫;咳嗽;剥树皮 [同BARQUE ME barley n.大麦 [OE b　lic(adj)[b] barm n.啤酒泡 [OE beorma barmy 充满酵母的;起泡沫的;笨的] barn n.谷仓;巴安(断面单位) [perh barometer n.气压计;晴雨表 baron n.男爵;大王 [ME baroque a.过分装饰的;俗丽的 [F(orig = 'irregular pearl') barque n.咆哮;多桅帆船;树皮 [ barrack n.兵房;大而简陋建筑;驻扎 [app. [b] barrage n.弹雨;掩护炮火 [F[b] barren a.n.不妊的;不毛之地 [ME barricade n.障碍物 [F[b] barrier n.栅栏;关卡;障碍 [ME barring prep.除...以外 [barrio (西班牙、波多黎各)地方行政区域;大城市之郊区] barrister n.律师 [16th c:[b] barrow n.手推车 [OE beorg barter n.易货交易 [OF barater: BARRATOR使船主遭受损失的船长或船员;诉讼教唆犯;买卖圣职或官位者] basal a.基础的;根本的 bash v.怒殴;猛烈的一击 [bang, smash, dash] bashful a.害羞的;内向的 [obs bash(v), = ABASH] bask v.取暖;曝日;沐浴于 [BATHE ABASK在阳光中,炉火旁(取暖)The old man was lying ~ in the sun] bastard n.a.非嫡子;可怜的;异常的 [ME baste v.殴打;公开责骂;涂油脂 [假缝,稀疏地缝布,衣服等;为防止烤焦在烤肉上涂调味酱] bastille n.城堡;牢狱;巴斯蒂监狱 [bastir build: the fortress and prison in Paris, destroyed in 1789] bastion n.城堡;设防地区 [Fbatch n.一炉(面包等);一组 [MEbate v.压制;减弱 [BAIT = state of baited person] Unit 5 bathos n.比小法;平凡而陈腐风格 [Gk, = depth] baton n.警棒;指挥棒;接力棒 [F b on, baston ult bats a.神经不正常的;怪异的 [ batten v.长肥 [ON batna get better[b] batter v.n.以物易物;交换 battery n.殴打 [F batterie[b] battlement n.城墙牒口 [battlemented 有城垛的] bauble n.美丽而无价值的装饰物 [ME bawd n.淫话;鸨母;妓女 [ME bawl v.n.大叫;叫卖;叫骂 [medL baulare bark, Icel baula] bayou n.海湾;支流;河口 [Amer. F: c bazaar n.市场;杂货市集;义卖 [Pers bazar, prob through Turk and It] beacon n.v.信号塔;警告;照明引导 [OE beacn beam n.v.杆;光线;放射;微笑 [OE beam tree beat n.a.脉博;独家报导;疲倦的 [OE beatan beatific a.祝福的 [F beatifique or L beatificus[b] beatitude n.至上的幸福;至福 [F beatitude or L beatitudo[b] beaver n.海狸;礼帽;下巴胡子 [work like a beaver勤奋地工作 eager beaver 勤奋的人] bedeck v.装饰 [DECK (~ oneself)打扮,修饰(用)装饰(with);甲板] bedizen v.俗丽地穿著或装饰 [BE-+obs dizen deck out] bedlam n.疯狂行为;精神病院 [hospital of St Mary of Bethlehem in London] bedraggle v.全身湿透;把衣服拖脏 [BE-+DRAGGLE(在泥中等)拖而弄脏;拖曳;下摆拖地] beefy a.健壮的;结实的 [BEEF 牛肉;(人的)肌肉;身体的胖瘦,体重] beet n.甜菜 [OE bete beetle n.甲虫;木槌 befall v.发生;产生;降临 [BE-, feallan FALL) Evil befell him. 灾难临到他头上] beget v.引起;产生 [OE begietan, formed as BE-+GET = procreate生育,生殖;产生] begrudge v.羡慕;嫉妒 [GRUDGE] beguile v.欺骗;诱骗 [BE-+obs guile to deceive beguiling欺骗的;消遣的] behold v.看;(命令式)看呀 [BE-, haldan hold) lo and ~ 你瞧瞧 beholder n.目睹者] beholden a.蒙恩的;负有义务的 [pp.(obs except in this use)of ())BEHOLD看; 看呀, = bound] behoove v.理应;有益于 [HOOVE(兽医)鼓胀症 hoover 用吸尘器扫除] belabor v.重打;辱骂 belated a.误期的 [pp. of obs belate delay(BE-, LATE)] beleaguer v.围攻 [camp round (BE-, leger a camp) beleaguered 面临很多困难] belie v.掩饰 [OE beleogan(BE-, leogan LIE)] belittle v.轻视 belle n.美女;绝世美女 [F bellicose a.好战的;好争吵的 [MEbelligerent a.交战的 [L belligerare wage war[b] bellow v.吼叫声;咆哮 [ME: perh. rel. to BELL] belly n.腹;胃;食欲;鼓胀 [OE belig (orig. = bag) belongings n.pl.财产;附属物;家眷 bemoan v.悲叹 [BE-+MOAN 牢骚,悲叹,哀悼] benediction n.祝福;恩赐 [MEbenefactor n.施主;捐助人 [ME beneficial a.有益的;有利的;慈善的 [BENEFICE 圣俸(在英国国教为vicar或rector之收入)] beneficiary n.受益人 [L beneficiarius(BENEFICE)] benevolent a.慈善的;和蔼可亲的 [ benighted a.蒙昧的;被黑暗笼罩的 [obs benight 使陷入黑暗;使愚昧;使无知] benign a.亲切的;良好的 [MEbenison n.祝福 [ME benumb v.使麻痹;使昏迷不醒 [BE-, niman take] bequeath v.遗赠;留传 [OE becwethan(BE-, cwethan say: cf QUOTH)bequest遗赠;遗产] bequest n.遗赠;遗赠物 [ME[b] berate v.痛骂 [BE-+RATE严斥,斥责,骂 严斥(人),谩骂(at)] bereave v.夺取 [OE bereafian(BE-, REAVE掠夺;劫夺;窃夺] bereft a.被剥夺的 [pp. of BEREAVE] berserk a.疯狂的 [[b] berth n.v.睡床;停泊处;停泊 [ beseech v.恳求;哀恳 [ME[b] beset v.包围 [OE besettan besiege v.围 [ME besmear v.涂;搽脏 [BE-, SMEAR)] besmirch v.污;糟蹋 [BE-+ SMIRCH 弄脏;玷污;污点] besom n.扫把 [OE besema] bespeak v.指出 [OE bisprecan(BE-, SPEAK)] bestial a.残忍的;野蛮的 [MEbestow v.赠与;利用 [ME[b] bestride v.跨骑 [OE bestridan] betimes ad.早;及时;不久;有时 [ME betoken v.表示 [OE(BE-, tacnian signify: TOKEN记号;证据(of);纪念品] betray v.背叛;出卖;泄露 [ME betroth v.订婚 [ME beverage n.饮料 [ME bevy n.一群鸟;一群人 beware v.注意;小心;警戒 [Beware of pickpockets. 谨防扒手 BE + WARE小心;器具;货物] bewilder v.使为难,使不知所措 [BE- + obs. wilder lose one's way] bewitch v.迷惑;陶醉 [OE wiccian enchant bias n.n.斜线;成见,心里的倾向 bibliography n.文献学;参考书目 [bibliographie bibliophile n.珍爱藏书者;藏书家 [F bibliophile(BIBLIO-, -PHILE)] bibulous a.好饮水的;吸水的 [L bibulus freely drinking[b] bicameral a.两院制的 [BI-+L camera chamber] bicker v.n.插嘴;潺潺流;闪烁 [ME biker, beker] bide v.居住;留;等待;忍受 [OE bidan biennial a.两年一次的 [L biennis(BI-, annus year)] bifurcate a.分为两部分 [medL bifurcare bigotry n.顽固 [BIGOT 顽固者,乖僻的人] bilateral a.两边的;左右对称的 bile n.胆汁;不开心;脾气 [F bilge n.船底;船底的污垢 [prob var of BULGE(] bilingual a.能说两种语言的 [L bilinguis(BI-, lingua tongue)] bilious a.患胆病的;坏脾气的 [L biliosus[b] bilk v.欺骗;挫折;使人失望 [perh = BALK: (17th c) = spoil one's opponent's score] billingsgate n.下流话 bin n.储藏箱;收入收藏室 [OE bin(n), binne] binary a.二进位的;二元的 [LL binarius [b] binge n.狂闹 [prob orig dial, = soak浸泡(在液体中)吸收,浴于(阳光)中] bionomics n.生态学 [BIO- after ECONOMICS] biopsy n.活体检查法 [F biopsie biosphere n.生物圈 [BIO-, SPHERE( biped n.两足动物 [L bipes -edis(BI-, pes pedis foot)] bisect v.分为两断;(数)平分 [BI- + L secare sect- cut] bison n.北美野牛;欧洲野牛 [ME bit n.片刻;小钱币;十二分半 [~s of glass玻璃碎片a ~ of hope一点希望on the bit使马快奔] bitch n.母狗;妓女;婊子 bivouac n.v.野营;露营地 [F, prob. bizarre a.古怪的 [F, = handsome, brave,blab v.多嘴的人 blackmail n.勒索 [BLACK+obs mail rent, OE mal blade n.叶;刃;扁平的部份;荡子 blanch v.使变白 [MEbland a.温柔的;殷勤的 [L blandus soft, smooth] blandish v.逢迎 [ blare v.响声 [ME blarney n.恭维话 [Blarney, an Irish castle near Cork with a stone said to confer a cajoling tongue on whoever kisses it] blase a.厌烦于享乐或人生的 blasphemy n.骂神;冒渎;不敬;咒骂 [ME blatant a.喧哗的;炫耀的 [a word used by Spenser(1596), perh after Sc blatand = bleating bleat 咩地叫;抱怨地说] blazon v.宣布;用纹章装饰 [MEbleach v.n.漂白 [bleachers 露天座位] bleak a.寒冷的;荒凉的 [ME prob bleed v.流血;流出树液;榨钱 [OE bledan blemish n.v.伤;污点;缺点;损伤 [ME blench v.退缩;变白;使变白 [ME blend v.混杂;混合 [~ mayonnaise with other ingredients把蛋黄酱与其他材料混合 The colors of the rainbow ~ into one anothe]r虹的色彩交融调和 bless v.神圣化;祈福 [OE bloedsian, [b] blight n.v.障害;阴影;枯凋;挫折 [blighted毁灭的;受虫害的] blink v.闪烁 [partly var of blenk = BLENCH, partly bliss n.极乐;极大幸福;喜悦 [OE bliths, bliss [b] blithe a.快乐的;无忧无虑的 blitz n.v.闪击战;以闪击战攻击 [abbr of BLITZKRIEG( blizzard n.大风雪;突发事件 [US 'violent blow'(1829), 'snowstorm'(1859)] bloat v.n.熏制;膨胀;自负 [obs. bloat swollen, soft and wet, perh. bloated a.发胀的;傲慢的 [a ~ face 浮肿的脸 ~ with (from) overeating 因吃得太多而浮胖 a ~ politician 自大的政客 He is ~ with] [pride 他狂妄自大] blockade n.v.封锁;堵塞;堵塞 [BLOCK+-ADE, prob after ambuscade= ambush] blond a.金发男人 [ME bloom n.花,开花;鲜美;红润 [OE bloma] blossom n.花;群花;开花期,花季 [OE blostm(a) prob. formed as BLOOM] blot n.v.污痕;弱点;抹脏;吸干 [ME prob. blotch n.v.污点;斑点;弄脏 [17th c: bloted a.肿胀的 blotto a.烂醉的 [20th c: perh[b] blouse n.罩衫 blowhard n.吹牛大家 bludgeon n.v.棍棒;强迫;胁迫;恫吓 [~ a person to death 把某人打死 ~ a person into going along 强迫某人同行] blueprint n.蓝图;设计图 bluestocking n.女学者;醉心文学的女人 [from the (less formal) blue stockings worn by one man at a literary society meeting c.1750] bluff v.虚张声势 blunder v.犯错误 [ME prob blunt a.钝的;粗卤的;生硬的 [blunge 混合(泥土与水等);参水拌] blur v.使乌黑;变模糊 [16th c: perh rel to BLEAR花的;朦胧的,模糊不清的] blurt v.滑口说出 [In his anger he ~ed out the secret 他在生气之下脱口说出了秘密]