常用的形容词和副词： [b]absurd 荒唐的[b]addictive 上瘾的[b]affectionate 有感情的[b]aggressive 有上进心的[b]alert 敏锐的；警惕的[b]arduous 费劲的 [b]artistic 艺术的[b]authoritative 权威性的[b]awkward 尴尬的[b]balanced 平衡的[b]cogent 使人信服的[b]cold-blooded 冷血的[b]cold-hearted 无情的[b]compassionate 富有同情心的[b]compatible 兼容的[b]complicated 复杂的[b]confident 自信的[b]contemptible 可鄙的[b]contributive 有贡献的[b]corrupt 腐败的[b]delicious 美味可口的[b]demanding 要求高的[b]detrimental 有害的[b]devious 偏离正道的[b]dishonorable 不光彩的[b]disturbed 受到干扰的[b]eccentric 古怪的[b]economical 经济的 [b]enlightened 开明的；文明的[b]evil 邪恶的[b]exotic 异国的[b]fallacious 荒谬的[b]fashionable 时髦的[b]feasible 可行的[b]fictitious 虚假的[b]flexile 灵活多样的[b]fruitful 有成效的[b]glamorous 富有魅力的[b]gorgeous 辉煌的[b]humane 人道的[b]ignorant (of) 无视的；无知的[b]impressive 令人印象深刻的[b]inborn 天生的[b]incompatible 不调和的[b]incompatible 不和适宜的[b]inconceivable 不可思议的[b]indecent 不妥的；不检点的[b]indifferent 冷漠的[b]indispensable 不可或缺的[b]inexhaustible 取之不尽的[b]infectious 传染性的[b]inferior 低人一等的[b]infirm （身体）弱的[b]influential 有影响力的[b]ingrain 根深蒂固的[b]inhumane 不人道的[b]initially 首先[b]innocent 多管闲事的[b]inquisitive 有害无益[b]insalubrious 有教育意义的[b]instructive 智力的[b]intellectual 中间的；过渡的[b]interim 人际关系的[b]interpersonal 密切的[b]intimate 不可侵犯的[b]inviolable 内在的[b]inward 不可挽回的[b]irreparable 不可抵抗的[b]irresistible 不可挽回的[b]irritating 恼人的[b]isolated (from) 隔绝的[b]laudable 可赞誉的[b]lavishly 大方的[b]legitimate 合法的[b]loyal 忠诚的[b]luxurious 奢侈的[b]magnanimous 宽宏大量的[b]mature 成熟的[b]misleading 误导的[b]misrepresented 不如实叙述的[b]money-oriented 向钱看的[b]multilateral 对方面的[b]nourished 有营养的[b]obscure 晦涩的[b]old-fashioned/out of date 过时的[b]palatable 美味的[b]perilous 危险的[b]permissive 宽容的；许可的[b]pernicious 有害无益的[b]pornographic 色情的[b]potential 潜在的[b]practical 实际的；务实的[b]preferential 优惠的[b]pressing 紧迫的[b]prevailing 占主导地位的；流行的[b]professional 专业的 [b]prosperous 繁荣昌盛的[b]prudent 明智的 [b]psychological 心理上[b]rational 理性的[b]resentful 愤怒的[b]reverse 相反的[b]rewarding 值得的[b]ridiculous 荒谬的[b]rigid 严格的[b]rough 粗略的 [b]self-contemptuous 自卑的[b]shabby 破旧不堪的[b]sheltered 受保护的[b]sociable 好交际的[b]sole 唯一的[b]stern/strict 严格的[b]stressful 有压力的[b]stringent 严厉的[b]stylish 时髦的[b]superficial 表面现象的[b]tempting 吸引人的[b]time-honored 久享盛名的[b]traditional 传统的[b]typical 典型的[b]unadvised 轻率的[b]uncompromising 不妥协的[b]unconcerned 冷漠的[b]uneasy 不自在的[b]unethical 不道德的[b]unfeeling 冷漠的[b]unhealthy 不健康的[b]unified 同一标准的[b]unique 独特的[b]unjust 不公平的[b]unscrupulous 肆无忌惮的[b]unsociable 不善于社交的[b]untimely 不和适宜的[b]unwholesome 不健康的[b]utterly 完全；绝对地[b]vexing 令人烦恼的[b]vivid 形象的[b]voluntary 自愿的[b]vulnerable 易受伤害的[b]well-grounded 有充足理由的[b]wholesome 健康的 [b]　 [b]雅思写作常用单词----常用的名词 [b]常用的名词：[b]abolishment 废除[b]absurdity 荒唐；谬论[b]abuse 滥用[b]achievement 成绩[b]acquaintance 熟人[b]adaptation 改写；适应[b]admiration 崇拜[b]adventurer/explorer 探险者[b]adverse impact 负面影响[b]adversity 逆境[b]affection 友情/感情[b]alienation 疏远[b]ambition 志向[b]amusement 娱乐[b]anecdote 轶事[b]apathy 冷漠无情[b]approach 鼓掌[b]architecture 建筑[b]art 艺术[b]assault 攻击[b]assessment 评估[b]association 联想；联系[b]athlete 运动员[b]availability 可得到的东西[b]barrier 妨碍[b]behavior 行为[b]beneficiary 受益人[b]budget 预算[b]burden 负担[b]campaign 运动[b]candidate 候选人[b]capacity 能力[b]celebrity 名人[b]character 性格[b]characteristic 特征[b]charm 魅力[b]clerk 职员[b]cohesion 凝聚力[b]colleague 同事[b]collectivism 集体主义[b]comfort 舒适[b]commercial 商业广告[b]commercialization 商业化[b]commodity 商品[b]companion/partner 同伴[b]conformity 一致[b]consensus 同意[b]consultation 咨询[b]consumption 消费[b]content 内容[b]contentment 满意；满足[b]contribution 贡献[b]correlation 相关性[b]costume 服装[b]creativity 创造性[b]criteria 条件[b]cruelty 残忍[b]customer 顾客[b]cyber crime 网络犯罪[b]depression 沮丧；低沉[b]deprivation 剥夺[b]descendant 后代[b]deterioration 恶化[b]detour 绕道[b]developed countries 发达国家[b]developing countries 发展中国家[b]digestion 消化吸收[b]dignity 尊严[b]discipline 纪律[b]discomfort 不舒服[b]discontent 不满足[b]discrimination 歧视；区别[b]disgust 反感[b]disorder 无序状态[b]disorientation 迷失方向感[b]disposition 性格[b]distraction 干扰[b]diversity 多样化；多样性[b]domain 领域[b]duplication 重复（建设）[b]duration[b]economy 耐用[b]employee 雇员[b]employer 雇主[b]endeavor 努力做[b]enjoyment 享受[b]enthusiasm 热情；狂热[b]equality 平等[b]evaluation 评价[b]exception 例外[b]exhibition 展览[b]exploration 探险[b]export 出口[b]favor 喜好[b]feature 特点[b]fidelity 忠实[b]flexibility 灵活性[b]forefather/ancestors 祖先[b]freedom 自由[b]frustration 挫折[b]gallery 美术馆[b]garment 服装[b]goodwill 善意[b]grace 雅致[b]graduate 毕业生[b]guardian 监护人[b]halt 停止；终止[b]hardship 艰难险阻[b]heritage 遗产[b]horizon 地平线[b]hostility 敌对[b]humanity 人性[b]idol 偶像[b]immunity 免疫力[b]import 进口[b]indication 迹象[b]indictment 控告[b]indifference 不关心[b]individuality 个性化[b]industry 工业；行业[b]inequality 不平等[b]infrastructure 基础设施[b]ingenuity 独创性[b]initiative 主动性[b]instruction 教导[b]instructor 教师[b]integrity 诚实[b]intellectual 知识分子[b]intelligence 智能[b]interaction 交际[b]interference 干涉[b]interpretation 解释[b]intolerance 不宽容[b]intrusiveness 干涉[b]involvement 参与[b]jealousy 妒忌[b]jogging 慢跑[b]joint effort 共同努力[b]journalist/correspondent 记者[b]joy/delight 欢乐[b]lack 缺乏[b]landmark 标志性建筑；里程碑[b]license 执照[b]life expectancy/life span 寿命[b]literacy 读写能力[b]manufacturer 制造商[b]match 匹配[b]measure 测量；评估[b]millennium 千年[b]minority 少数人[b]misconduct 行为不端[b]morality 道德[b]motion 抗议[b]muscle 肌肉[b]myopia 近视[b]nationality 民族；国籍[b]norm 准则[b]notion 观念；想法[b]obligation 义务[b]obstacle 障碍物[b]occupation 职业[b]opponent 对手[b]originality 独创性[b]outcome 产物[b]outlook 观点；景色[b]participation 参与[b]pastime 消遣[b]peer 同龄人[b]penalty 刑罚；处罚[b]perseverance 坚定不移[b]personality 性格[b]perspective 看法[b]popularity 普及；流行[b]popularization 普及[b]practice 做法[b]precaution 防范[b]prerogative 特权[b]principle 原则[b]profession/occupation 职业[b]proficiency 精通[b]promotion 提升[b]prospect 前景[b]prosperity 繁荣[b]protocol 协议[b]prudence 慎重[b]public opinion 舆论[b]punishment 惩罚[b]purity 纯洁性[b]rebellion 反叛[b]recovery 恢复[b]regression 衰退[b]regulator 监控者[b]reliability 可心度[b]remedy/therapy 疗法[b]remote education 远程教育[b]revelation 揭示/表现[b]revenue 总收入[b]reward 奖赏；报酬[b]rumor/gossip 谣言；传闻[b]satisfaction 满足[b]self-discipline 自律[b]self-respect/self-esteem 自尊心[b]shortcoming 缺点[b]side-effect 副作用[b]signal 信号[b]skyscraper 摩天大楼[b]sociologist 社会学家[b]soul 灵魂[b]specialty 专业[b]spelling 拼写[b]status 地位[b]stereotype 成见[b]straightforwardness 直率[b]strain 压力；过度劳累[b]strategy 策略[b]strength 实力[b]stress 压力[b]substance 物质[b]supplement 补充[b]sympathy 同情[b]symptom 症状[b]talent 人才[b]teenager 青少年[b]temper 性情；烦躁[b]temptation 诱惑[b]threshold 开端[b]tip 提示；技巧[b]tolerance 宽容[b]tragedy 悲剧[b]trait 特点[b]trap 陷阱[b]triviality 琐事[b]troublemaker 捣乱者[b]tutor 导师[b]uniformity 一致[b]vanity 虚荣心[b]variety 多样性；种类[b]verdict 判决[b]vexation 烦恼[b]victim 受害者[b]vitality/vigor/energy/vim 活力；精力[b]void 空虚[b]warmth 温暖[b]weakness 缺点[b]withdrawal 退出；撤退[b]zeal 热情 [b]　 [b]雅思写作常用单词----常用的动词 [b]常用的动词：[b]abide by/obey/observe 遵守[b]abolish 废除[b]abuse 虐待；滥用[b]accommodate 供给；调节[b]acquire 获取[b]adore 崇拜；爱慕[b]allocate 分配[b]alter 改变[b]appeal to/attract 吸引[b]approach 对待；处理[b]approve of 赞成[b]arise 出现[b]arouse 激发[b]assume 承担（责任）[b]attach 赋予；粘上[b]attain/obtain/acquire 获取；得到[b]attend 参加；就读[b]ban 禁止[b]blossom 兴旺发达[b]boom 繁荣[b]bring sb./sth. into full play 充分调动……的积极性[b]censor 审查[b]characterize 以……为特色[b]charge 收费[b]cherish 珍视[b]claim 宣称[b]coexist 共存[b]coincide with 与……相符[b]collect 收集 [b]commute 来回往返于[b]condemn 谴责[b]consult 咨询[b]contaminate 污染[b]contribute to 贡献[b]crack down on 打击[b]cultivate 培养[b]defy 不服从；藐视[b]degenerate 退化[b]degrade 使降级[b]depreciate 贬值[b]deprive (of) 剥夺[b]desert 抛弃[b]detect 侦查[b]deter 阻止[b]deteriorate 恶化[b]determine 决定[b]disclose 揭露[b]discourage 使气馁[b]diversify 使多样化[b]divert 使分心[b]dominate 占优势[b]drop out 退学；放弃[b]eliminate 消除[b]endanger 危害[b]enlighten 启发[b]enrich 丰富[b]entertain 招待；娱乐[b]evaluate 评价[b]evolve 演变[b]exaggerate 夸张[b]exert 施加（压力）[b]expel 排除；开除[b]explore 探究[b]expose 揭露[b]give full play to 充分发挥[b]guarantee 保证；担保[b]hamper 妨碍；牵制[b]hinder/impede/block/hamper 阻碍[b]idealize 理想化[b]identify 辨认[b]ignore 无视；不理睬[b]imitate 模仿[b]impair 危害；伤害[b]impose/confine/place restrictions on/restrict/limit 限制[b]incur 招致；引发[b]inflict 使……承受[b]inherit 继承[b]innovate 改革创新[b]invent money in 投资[b]install/set up/erect/fix/mount 安装[b]lavish 浪费[b]maltreat 虐待[b]maximize 最大化[b]minimize 使最小化[b]mould/build 塑造[b]neglect 忽视[b]oblige 强迫[b]observe/follow 遵从[b]overcome 克服（困难）[b]participate 参与[b]perform 履行；表演[b]please 取悦[b]preserve 保留；保护[b]prohibit 禁止[b]publicize 宣传[b]pursue 追求[b]quit 放弃[b]quote 引用[b]refine 精炼[b]reflect 反映[b]reform 改革[b]refresh 使恢复[b]regulate 管制；调控[b]rehabilitate 改造[b]reject 剔除[b]relax 修养[b]release 释放[b]render 给予[b]represent 代表[b]resort to 速诸于；采取[b]restore 重建；恢复[b]restrain 约束[b]retain 保留[b]roam 闲逛[b]sacrifice 牺牲[b]shirk 回避[b]shun 回避[b]signify 表示；意味[b]spoil/indulge 宠坏；溺爱[b]spread 传播[b]steer 驶向；掌舵[b]stick to 坚持[b]stimulate 刺激[b]stipulate/set 规定[b]substitute 代替[b]supervise 监督[b]control 控制[b]surpass 超过[b]survive 生存[b]threaten 威胁[b]tolerate 忍受[b]treasure 珍视[b]trigger 引发[b]underestimate 低估[b]undermine 危害[b]unload 摆脱负担[b]vanish 消失[b]wither 退化；萎缩[b]wreck 摧毁 [b]　 [b]雅思写作常用单词----常用的连接词 [b]常用的连接词:[b]1)表层次:[b]first, firstly to begin with further in the first place[b]second, secondly to start with still furthermore[b]third, thirdly what is more last last but not least[b]also and then next besides[b]and equally important too moreover[b]besides in addition finally[b]2)表转折；[b]by contrast although though yet[b]at the same time but despite the fact that even so[b]in contrast nevertheless even though for all that[b]notwithstanding on the contrary however in spite of[b]on the other hand otherwise instead still[b]regardless[b]3)表因果；[b]therefore consequently because of for the reason[b]thus hence due to owing to[b]so accordingly thanks to on this account[b]since as on that account in this way[b]for as a result as a consequence[b]4）表让步：[b]still nevertheless concession granted naturally[b]in spite of all the same of course despite[b]even so after all[b]5)表递近：[b]furthermore moreover likewise what is more[b]besides also not only...but also... [b]too in addition[b]6)表举例：[b]for example for instance for one thing that is [b]to illustrate as an illustration a case in point[b]7)表解释：[b]as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely[b]in other words[b]8)表总结：[b]in summary in a word thus as has been said[b]in brief in conclusion altogether in other words[b]to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms[b]indeed in short in particular that is[b]in other words of course on the whole to put it differently[b]namely in all therefore to summarize [b]　 [b]The Transport system is an essential part of the City's infrastructure. It is a means through which economic, social, environmental and other objectives can be advanced. But it is also a system that can frustrate the achievement of key objectives. But with city pollution and environmental demands ever pressing, the day of the car, bus and cab as we know them are numbered.