易犯的语法错误：7 Omitted commas ，Omitted commas[b][b]Use commas to signal nonrestrictive or nonessential material, to prevent confusion, and to indicate relationships among ideas and sentence parts.[b][b]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------[b]Omitted commas[b]When it comes to eating people differ in their tastes.[b]改正：[b]When it comes to eating, people differ in their tastes.[b][b]原句：[b]The Huns who were Mongolian invaded Gaul in 451.[b]改正：[b]The Huns, who were Mongolian, invaded Gaul in 451.[b][b]["Who were Mongolian" adds information but does not change the core meaning of the sentence because Huns were a Mongolian people; this material is therefore nonrestrictive or nonessential.][b][b]8 Superfluous commas Unnecessary commas make sentences difficult to read.[b][b]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------[b]Superfluous commas [b]Field trips are required, in several courses, such as, botany and geology.[b]改正：[b]Field trips are required in several courses, such as botany and geology.[b][b]原句：[b]The term, "scientific illiteracy," has become almost a cliche, in educational circles.[b]改正：[b]The term "scientific illiteracy" has become almost a cliche in educational circles.[b][b]9 Comma splices Do not link two independent clauses with a comma (unless you also use a coordinating conjunction: and, or, but, for, nor, so, yet).[b][b]Instead use a period or semicolon, or rewrite the sentence.[b][b]两个句子之间要有连词，或者把句子分开。[b][b]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------[b]Comma splice [b]In 1952 Japan's gross national product was one third that of France, by the late 1970s it was larger than the GNPs of France and Britain combined.[b]改正：[b]In 1952 Japan's gross national product was one third that of France. By the late 1970s it was larger than the GNPs of France and Britain combined.[b][b]原句：[b]Diseased coronary arteries are often surgically bypassed, however half of all bypass grafts fail within ten years.[b]改正：[b]Diseased coronary arteries are often surgically bypassed; however, half of all bypass grafts fail within ten years.[b][b]10. Apostrophe errors 撇号用法错误[b][b]Apostrophes indicate possession for nouns ("Jim's hat," "several years' work") but not for personal pronouns (its, your, their, and whose).[b][b]Apostrophes also indicate omissions in contractions ("it's" = "it is").[b][b]In general, they are not used to indicate plurals.[b][b]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------[b]Apostrophe error How to fix it [b]In the current conflict its uncertain who's borders their contesting.[b]改正：[b]In the current conflict it is [it's] uncertain whose borders they are [they're] contesting.[b][b]原句：[b]The Aztecs ritual's of renewal increased in frequency over the course of time.[b]改正：[b]The Aztecs' rituals of renewal increased in frequency over the course of time[b][b]11 Words easily confused "Effect" is most often a noun (the effect), and "affect" is almost always a verb.[b][b]Other pairs commonly confused: "lead"/"led" and "accept"/"except."[b][b]Check a glossary of usage to find the right choice.[b][b]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------[b]Confused word [b]The recession had a negative affect on sales.[b]改正：[b]The recession had a negative effect on sales.[b][b](or) The recession affected sales negatively.[b][b]原句：[b]The laboratory instructor chose not to offer detailed advise.[b]改：[b]The laboratory instructor chose not to offer detailed advice 12 Misspellings Spelling errors are usually perceived as a reflection of the writer's careless attitude toward the whole project.[b][b]Don't allow your hard work to be marred in this way![b][b]In addition to comprehensive dictionaries, you may want to use electronic spell checks, spelling dictionaries, and lists of frequently misspelled words found in handbooks[b][b]写完之后贴到word里检查一下。但是word也是不让人放心的，很多名词动词单复数问题还有其他问题都检查不出来。被动在word里面也被认为不恰当，这都是仅供参考，我一般都是不改的，只要不过多地使用被动语态。最近刚看到一篇文章批评word 语法检查的失误之出。所以检查不要过分依赖word, 最好亲自动手的习惯，考场上可没有spell checks。[b][b][b] [img]http://www.gter.cn/news/pic/20050427165829.gif[/img][b]