文章开头句型：I 对立法 II 现象法 III 观点法 IV 引用法 V　比较法 VI 故事法 VII 问题法 　　故事法 　　文章开头讲一个故事，不仅可以引起读者的兴趣，且可引出文章要讨论的主题。以下是引出故事的句型。 　　45　I have a friend /A friend of mine who .... Should /　Can he...? Such a choice /dilemma / problem we often meet /　face /confront in our daily life. 　　45.1 I have a friend who lies in a hospital, slowly dying of a painful and incurable disease. Although there is no hope of recovery, the disease sometimes permits its victim to linger on for many months in ever great torment. My friend, apprised of the outcome and knowing that the hospital expenses are a severe drain on his family"s limited financial resources, decides that death had better come at once. Should the family meet his demand despite the enormous love for him? Should the doctor run the risk of providing him with the necessary drug? Such a dilemma we often meet in our daily life. 　　我有一个朋友躺在医院里，他患了不治之症，在痛苦中慢慢死去。虽然这种病无法医治，但病人要在愈来愈痛苦的折磨中挣扎好几个月。我的朋友得知自己的病情后，考虑到耗费在自己身上的医药费时并不富裕的家来说是个沉重的经济负担，决定尽快结束生命。虽然他的家人很爱他，但是否应同意他的要求呢？医生是否应冒险向他提供结束生命必要的药物呢？在日常生活中我们常遇到这样的难题。 　　46　Once upon a time was lived a man. ... The tale story may be apocryphal /unbelievable ,but it still has a realistic / significance, its underlying moral has continuing relevance now /today. 　　46.1 Once upon a time there were a brother and sister squabbling over an apple, with each insisting on the larger slice. Just as the boy had gained control of the knife and was poised to hack off the larger share for himself, the parents said: "Hold it! I don"t care who cuts that apple into two pieces, but whoever does has to give the other the right to select the piece they want. " Naturally, to protect himself, the boy cut the apple into two pieces of equal size. The tale may be apocryphal, but its underlying moral has continuing relevance today. There are sane situations in which the needs of the protagonists are not really in opposition. If the focus shifts firm defeating each other to defeating the problem, every one can benefit. 　　从前有一对兄妹为一只苹果争吵，两人都想吃大的一块。正当那个男孩拿起刀子准备切下大的一半给自己时，父母说：“住手，不管谁把它切开，但切的人得给对方选择他所要部分的权利。”很自然，男孩为了不吃亏，把苹果切成一般大小的两块。这则故事有点难以置信，但其中蕴含的教益至今有用。有许多情况双方的需求并不真正对立,只需把争论的焦点从打败对手转移到解决问题这上面来，双方便都能得益。